In this study, the research team, selected, and appraised a large- variety sample of primary studies describing participatory research (PR) partnerships, and in stage, two team members independently reviewed and coded the literature. The team used a realist approach to analysis, in order to embrace the heterogeneity and complexity of the PR literature. This theory-driven synthesis identified mechanisms by which PR may add value to the research process. Using the middle-range theory of partnership synergy, the review confirmed findings from previous PR reviews, documented and explained some negative outcomes, and generated new insights into the benefits of PR.

Jagosh, J., Macaulay, A. C., Pluye, P., Salsberg, J., Bush, P. L., Henderson, J.,…Greenhalgh, T. (2012). Uncovering the benefits of participatory research: Implications of a realist review for health research and practice. The Milbank Quarterly: A Multidisciplinary Journal of Population Health and Health Policy, 90(2), 311-346. Full Text.